Growth and yield of caraway plants (Carum carvi l.) As influenced by organic fertilizer and moringa leaves extract under newly reclaimed soils.

An experiment was carried out during the two winter seasons of 2020/ 2021 and 2021/ 2022 at Agriculture Research Station of Al-Marashda, Qena Governorate as newly reclaimed soil, Egypt to evaluate the growth, yield and its attributes of caraway plants (Carum carvi L.) under organic fertilizer and moringa leaves extract. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot applied by randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Four levels of organic fertilizer (Ramada ) ( 0, 1, 2 and 3%) were presented in the main-plots, while moringa leaves extract treatments (0, 2.5 and 5 %) were assigned in sub-plots as foliar spraying of the caraway plants. The control plots were supplied with the recommended dose of mineral fertilizers NPK, while 50% of these amounts were supplied for other plots of the experiment. The superiority of organic fertilizer and/ or moringa leaves extract via inducing growth performance, yield and its component of Carum carvi plants in comparing with chemical fertilizer only. However the, the most increment of the vegetative parameters as plant height, number of branches and fresh and dry weight of herb/ plant were recorded with caraway plants that supplied with 3 % organic fertilizer and 5% moringa leaves extract. The same treatment was motivated the yield traits of caraway as compared to the other treatments. Whilst, the best values of volatile oil percentage, total carbohydrates, phosphorus and potassium contents were recorded mostly when caraway plants were sprayed with organic fertilizer at 3% and moringa leaves extract at 2.5%.