Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, 81528 Aswan, Egypt.
2
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
3
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, 81528 Aswan, Egypt
4
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 83523 Assiut Egypt
Abstract
Subterranean termite, Psammotermes hypostoma Desneux causes valuable economic damage in cellulose materials in Aswan governorate, Egypt. The present work was conducted to evaluate the toxicity of seven chemical and certain plant extracts namely, chlorpyrifos, emamectin benzoate, deltamethrin, fipronil, imidacloprid, spinetoram diflubenzuron and entomopathogenic fungi (Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana) and conventional plant extract (chili extract, garlic extract ) and nano silver plant extract (chili extract AgNps, garlic extract AgNps) against subterranean termite, Psammotermes hypostoma using cardboard-dip bioassay technique under laboratory conditions. The results show that, the ranke of tested insecticides against P. hypostoma after 24, 48 and 72 h has the same descending order as follow chlorpyrifos> emamectin benzoate> deltamethrin> fipronil> imidacloprid> spinetoram> diflubenzuron> chili extract AgNPs> garlic extract AgNPs> chili extract > garlic extract. On the other hand, the fungi M. ansiopliae was more effectiveness than B. bassiana against P. hypostoma which the mortality rates after 7day were 25% and 17.5% to M. anisopliae and B. bassiana, respectively. After 14 days of treatments with increased period the result shows the mortality rates were 38.3%and 29.1% to Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana, respectively. While, after 21 days of treatment, the results show the mortality rates were 55.8% and 48.3% to M. ansiopliae and B. bassiana, respectively. Several new insecticides are promising in control termites with chlorpyrifos like emamectin benzoate, a biopesticides. Further, studies should be done about the mixture effect of chlorpyrifos with plant extracts and bioagents for reducing the hazard effects of chlorpyrifos insecticide.
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