Survey of Sugarcane Mosaic Virus disease by using principle components analysis on four ages and its effects on characteristics of two sugarcane varieties on two seasons

Sugarcane mosaic virus(SCMV) is one among many viruses that infects sugarcane; causes yield loss and becomes serious disease on sugarcane plantations. This research aimed to survey it on commercial sugarcane varieties G.T. 54-9 in 19 locations of Esna district Luxor governorate during 2018/19 on 4 ages and effect of infection with virus on growth, juice quality and yield components of two sugarcane varieties viz., G. T. 54-9 and G. 2017-57 at El-Mattana Research Station, Luxor Governorate during 2018/19 and 2019/20 seasons. Mosaic symptomatic plants were observed in nineteen production areas, with incidences ranging from 0 to 93.33%. The spatial pattern and geographical distribution of disease incidence suggested that infected seed cane was the main source to spread of the disease. Surveyed results revealed that disease incidence was varied between surveyed locations. Plant cane was lower than first and second ratoons in all fields. Locations i.e. El-trakee (Awladhamid) (EN4), Elfarsea (30-115 El-motawlelgrby) (EN7), El-Dkera (Mohamed Hassan) (EN18) and El-Adima (Abd-elrahman) (EN19 were free infection from such disease. The results revealed that a significant reduction in number of millable cane/m², stalk diameter (cm.), stalk length (cm.) and number of internodes/plant in G. T. 54-9 and G. 2017-57 varieties due to virus infection. On the other hand, infection of two tested sugarcane varieties with SCMV caused significant reduction in juice extraction (kg), brix (TSS) %, purity%, pol% and sugar recovery%. It significantly increased of sucrose% and reducing sugars% in two tested varieties in two tested seasons also infection with virus caused significant decreased in cane yield (tons/fed.) and sugar yield (tons/fed.)